A child under the age of 12 has become the first known case of euthanasia in the Netherlands since the country expanded its assisted-dying rules to include younger children. Officials confirmed that the child, who was suffering from a severe and terminal illness, died last year under the legal framework introduced in 2024. No details about the child’s identity, age, or medical condition were released.

The Dutch government changed the law to allow euthanasia for children between the ages of 1 and 12 in extremely limited circumstances. The measure applies only when a child is terminally ill, experiencing unbearable suffering, and has no prospect of recovery. Authorities say the law is intended for rare cases where no treatment or palliative care can adequately relieve the child’s pain.

Under the regulations, doctors must carefully assess the situation and consult with the child’s parents before proceeding. If possible, the child is also involved in discussions about the decision. Medical professionals must demonstrate that all legal and ethical requirements have been met and that no reasonable alternative remains.

Every case is reviewed by an independent committee consisting of medical specialists, a lawyer, and an ethicist. The committee evaluates whether the doctor acted according to medical standards and legal guidelines before forwarding its findings to prosecutors. The case has renewed international debate about euthanasia, medical ethics, and how societies should respond to the suffering of terminally ill children.